The 31 Critical ACT Math Formulas You MUST Know

The 31 Critical ACT Math Formulas You MUST Know SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The two greatest difficulties of ACT Math are the time crunch-the math test has 60 inquiries in an hour!- and the way that the test doesn’t give you any recipes. All the recipes and math information for the ACT originates from what you’ve realized and remembered. In this total rundown of basic recipes you'll require on the ACT, I'll spread out each equation you more likely than not retained before test day, just as clarifications for how to utilize them and what they mean. I'll likewise give you which recipes you ought to organize retaining (the ones that are required for different inquiries) and which ones you ought to remember just when you have everything else made certain about close. Previously Feeling Overwhelmed? Does the possibility of remembering a lot of equations make you need to run for the slopes? We've all been there, yet don't quit at this time! The uplifting news about the ACT is that it is intended to allow all test-takers to succeed. A significant number of you will as of now be comfortable with a large portion of these recipes from your math classes. The recipes that appear on the test the most will likewise be generally natural to you. Recipes that are just required for a couple of inquiries on the test will be least natural to you. For instance, the condition of a circle and logarithm recipes just ever appear as one inquiry on most ACT math tests. On the off chance that you’re going for each point, feel free to retain them. In any case, in the event that you feel overpowered with recipe records, don’t stress over it-it’s just one inquiry. So let’s take a gander at all the recipes you totally should know before test day (just as a couple of that you can make sense of yourself as opposed to remembering one more equation). Polynomial math Direct Equations Functions There will be at any rate five to six inquiries on direct conditions and capacities on each ACT test, so this is a significant area to know. Slant Slant is the proportion of how a line changes. It’s communicated as: the change along the y-hub/the change along the x-pivot, or $ ise/ un$. Given two focuses, $A(x_1,y_1)$, $B(x_2,y_2)$, discover the slant of the line that associates them: $$(y_2 - y_1)/(x_2 - x_1)$$ Slant Intercept Form A direct condition is composed as $y=mx+b$ m is the incline and b is the y-block (the purpose of the line that crosses the y-pivot) A line that goes through the starting point (y-hub at 0), is composed as $y=mx$ In the event that you get a condition that isn't composed thusly (for example $mxâˆ'y=b$), re-compose it into $y=mx+b$ Midpoint Formula Given two focuses, $A(x_1,y_1)$, $B(x_2,y_2)$, discover the midpoint of the line that interfaces them: $$((x_1 + x_2)/2, (y_1 + y_2)/2)$$ Great to Know Separation Formula Discover the separation between the two focuses $$√{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}$$ You don’t really need this equation, as you can just chart your focuses and afterward make a correct triangle from them. The separation will be the hypotenuse, which you can discover by means of the pythagorean hypothesis Logarithms There will normally just be one inquiry on the test including logarithms. On the off chance that you’re stressed over remembering an excessive number of equations, don’t stress over logs except if you’re going after for an ideal score. $log_bx$ asks â€Å"to what force does b need to be brought to result up in x?† More often than not on the ACT, you’ll simply need to know how to re-compose logs $$log_bx=y = b^y=x$$ $$log_bxy=log_bx+log_by$$ $$log_b{x/y} = log_bx - log_by$$ Insights and Probability Midpoints The normal is a similar thing as the mean Locate the normal/mean of a lot of terms (numbers) $$Mean = {sumof he erms}/{ he umber(amount)ofdifferent erms}$$ Locate the normal speed $$Speed = { otaldistance}/{ otal ime}$$ May the chances be ever in support of yourself. Probabilities Likelihood is a portrayal of the chances of something occurring. A likelihood of 1 is ensured to occur. A likelihood of 0 will never occur. $${Probabilityâ€Å'ofâ€Å'anâ€Å'outcomeâ€Å'happening}={ umberâ€Å'ofâ€Å'desiredâ€Å'outcomes}/{ otal umberofpossibleoutcomes}$$ Likelihood of two autonomous results both happening is $$Probabilityâ€Å'ofâ€Å'eventâ€Å'A*probabilityâ€Å'ofâ€Å'eventB$$ e.g., Event A has a likelihood of $1/4$ and occasion B has a likelihood of $1/8$. The likelihood of the two occasions happening is: $1/4 * 1/8 = 1/32$. There is a 1 out of 32 possibility of the two occasions An and occasion B occurring. Mixes The conceivable measure of various mixes of various components A â€Å"combination† implies the request for the components doesn’t matter (for example a fish course and an eating routine soft drink is a similar thing as an eating regimen pop and a fish dish) Potential mixes = number of component A * number of component B * number of component C†¦. for example In a cafeteria, there are 3 distinctive pastry choices, 2 diverse dish choices, and 4 beverage choices. What number of various lunch blends are conceivable, utilizing one beverage, one, treat, and one course? The all out mixes conceivable = 3 * 2 * 4 = 24 Rates Discover x percent of a given number n $$n(x/100)$$ Discover what percent a number n is of another number m $$(100n)/m$$ Discover what number n is x percent of $$(100n)/x$$ The ACT is a long distance race. Make sure to take a break at times and appreciate the beneficial things throughout everyday life. Little dogs improve everything. Geometry Square shapes Region $$Area=lw$$ l is the length of the square shape w is the width of the square shape Border $$Perimeter=2l+2w$$ Rectangular Solid Volume $$Volume = lwh$$ h is the tallness of the figure Parallelogram A simple method to get the region of a parallelogram is to drop down two right plots for statures and change it into a square shape. At that point fathom for h utilizing the pythagorean hypothesis Region $$Area=lh$$ (This is equivalent to a rectangle’s lw. For this situation the tallness is what could be compared to the width) Triangles Zone $$Area = {1/2}bh$$ b is the length of the base of triangle (the edge of one side) h is the stature of the triangle The stature is equivalent to a side of the 90 degree edge in a correct triangle. For non-right triangles, the tallness will drop down through the inside of the triangle, as appeared in the graph. Pythagorean Theorem $$a^2 + b^2 = c^2$$ In a correct triangle, the two littler sides (an and b) are each squared. Their aggregate is the equivalent to the square of the hypotenuse (c, longest side of the triangle) Properties of Special Right Triangle: Isosceles Triangle An isosceles triangle has different sides that are equivalent long and two equivalent points inverse those sides. An isosceles right triangle consistently has a 90 degree edge and two 45 degree points. The side lengths are dictated by the equation: x, x, x√2, with the hypotenuse (side inverse 90 degrees) having a length of one of the littler sides * √2. E.g., An isosceles right triangle may have side lengths of 12, 12, and 12√2. Properties of Special Right Triangle: 30, 60, 90 Degree Triangle A 30, 60, 90 triangle portrays the degree proportions of its three points. The side lengths are controlled by the recipe: x, x√3, and 2x. The side inverse 30 degrees is the littlest, with an estimation of x. The side inverse 60 degrees is the center length, with an estimation of x√3. The side inverse 90 degree is the hypotenuse, with a length of 2x. For instance, a 30-60-90 triangle may have side lengths of 5, 5√3, and 10. Trapezoids Territory Take the normal of the length of the equal sides and duplicate that by the tallness. $$Area = [(parallelsidea + parallelside)/2]h$$ Regularly, you are given enough data to drop down two 90 edges to make a square shape and two right triangles. You’ll need this for the stature at any rate, so you can essentially discover the zones of every triangle and add it to the territory of the square shape, in the event that you would prefer not remember the trapezoid recipe. Trapezoids and the requirement for a trapezoid recipe will be all things considered one inquiry on the test. Keep this as a base need in case you're feeling overpowered. Circles Region $$Area=Ï€r^2$$ Ï€ is a consistent that can, for the reasons for the ACT, be composed as 3.14 (or 3.14159) Particularly helpful to know whether you don’t have a mini-computer that has a $ï€$ highlight or in case you're not utilizing an adding machine on the test. r is the sweep of the circle (any line drawn from the inside point directly to the edge of the circle). Territory of a Sector Given a range and a degree proportion of a bend from the inside, discover the zone of that area of the circle. Utilize the equation for the territory duplicated by the point of the bend partitioned by the absolute edge proportion of the circle. $$Areaofanarc = (Ï€r^2)(degreemeasureofcenterofarc/360)$$ Circuit $$Circumference=2Ï€r$$ or then again $$Circumference=Ï€d$$ d is the breadth of the circle. It is a line that divides the hover through the midpoint and contacts two finishes of the hover on inverse sides. It is double the sweep. Length of an Arc Given a range and a degree proportion of a curve from the middle, discover the length of the circular segment. Utilize the recipe for the boundary increased by the edge of the circular segment partitioned by the all out edge proportion of the circle (360). $$Circumferenceofanarc = (2ï€r)(degreemeasurecenterofarc/360)$$ Model: A 60 degree curve has $1/6$ of the all out circle's outline in light of the fact that $60/360 = 1/6$ An option in contrast to remembering the â€Å"formulas† for circular segments is to simply stop and consider bend perimeters and curve regions sensibly. In the event that you know the equations for the zone/boundary of a circle and you realize what number of degrees are in a circ

Finance Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Getting Excellent Environmental Systems Extended Essay Samples

Getting Excellent Environmental Systems Extended Essay SamplesThe Environmental Systems Extended Essay sample questions are designed for students to think of ways to communicate their ideas to their audience. In this age, you can get your name in front of thousands and millions of people through social media sites like Facebook and Twitter.However, it is not always the best idea to spend time posting tweets or creating Facebook profiles for social media sites. In fact, it is even a better idea to create elaborate essays on topics that you know are to be discussed in your classes.It is important to note that you can get Environmental Systems Extended Essay samples online, but you can also find them in many classroom teaching materials and books. In fact, you will find many different examples in books and online teaching material that you can use to make your essay. It is often easier to go into the instruction manual of your book and look for those essay samples that are labeled as su ch.If you don't know where to look, you can go to the internet and look for essay samples. In fact, if you choose a good site, you will find many essays that have been written on a wide variety of topics. If you do a little bit of research, you should be able to come up with some good topics that you can use to craft your essay.Just remember to keep the topic of your essay to what you are going to discuss. However, you do not want to use topics that are too specific, because you want to make sure that your essay is interesting and not boring.If you follow these steps, you should be able to come up with a great essay topic and it should not take very long to complete your essay. However, do keep in mind that some essay writing samples require that you submit the essay to a web page.There are different ways that you can do this, and you can also get creative with it. However, do make sure that you send your essay to a web page that is clearly labeled as such.In addition, you should al so make sure that your essay is completely grammatically correct and that there are no errors in the grammar in your essay. This will help to make your essay even more exciting and interesting.

Who Is The Hero Of The Hobbit - 1313 Words

1. Who is the hero of The Hobbit? J.R.R Tolkien’s The Hobbit or There and Back Again implements many forms of heroism; whether it be Bilbo, Bard, Gandalf, or even Thorin and his dwarves. Relating to this, there is no one hero per se but rather multiple; the heroes face both internal and external challenges. This essay will argue that the heroes of The Hobbit are Bilbo, Gandalf, Bard and Thorin respectively, in addition, this essay will also analyse the first stage of the hero’s journey structure according to Joseph Campbell regarding Bilbo. Firstly, the main protagonist Bilbo Baggins sets a benchmark to the notion of an archetype hero. Kennedy, Gioia and Bauerlein describe an archetype as â€Å"a recurring symbol, character, landscape, or†¦show more content†¦Just as Campbell notes, the figure encounters a series of dangers, in this case being the trolls, the goblins, escaping from Gollum and going into Smaug’s lair. With assistance from Gandalf the group is saved from the goblins; howe ver, the dwarves and Bilbo are separated. The interaction between Gollum and Bilbo demonstrates a quality trait exhibited by a hero and, as a result, Bilbo’s actions are seen to outweigh his individual characteristics. Simultaneously, Bilbo displays wisdom in answering Gollum’s riddles and in turn exhibits cunning; â€Å"Bilbo seeing what had happened and having nothing better to ask stuck to his question† (74). In the same way, Bilbo’s adventure is seen according to Pearce as a â€Å"pilgrimage of grace in which he grows up† (3). Therefore, Bilbo’s main goal of his adventure according to Pearce is to eliminate evil amongst themselves (3); thus, identifying an internal quest. Particularly after Smaug’s death, the corruption of the gold leads the dwarf leader Thorin Oakenshield to suffer from dragon sickness; â€Å"the obsessive possessiveness of dragons† (Pearce 83). The actions of Bilbo and internal qualities such as wisdom an d cunning thus concludes that he is a hero in The Hobbit, however, other characters exhibit heroic qualities. Gandalf henceforth can also be depicted as the hero of the story, heroism therefore can be determined by actions. Moreover, his role as theShow MoreRelatedThe Lord Of The Rings Series845 Words   |  4 Pagesheroism is a prominent theme throughout. There is not one sole hero. Tolkien doesn’t present the books with just one hero, but a combined effort of many different heroes. He could have easily made the story just about Aragorn, Gandalf, Frodo, or Sam A hero is a person who overcomes adversity to achieve a quest that changes his society for good in the dramatic way. In classic literature a hero is usually portrayed as an epic hero. The epic hero is usually male, royal, starts at a position of calm stasisRead MoreThe Heros Journey : Stages Of The Heros Journey Archetype988 Words   |  4 Pageshill and over the hills my paths led. And through the air, I am he that walks unseen’† (The Hobbit). When the dragon Smaug asks Bilbo of his identity, our hero speaks to him in riddles as to not give away who he is. Bilbo has snuck into Smaug’s lair, using a magical ring to become invisible. This part of his adventure is called the â€Å"Ordeal,† one of the twelve stages in the Hero’s Journey Archetype. The Hobbit, an animated film directed by Rankin and Bass, fits the Hero’s Journey Archetype by followingRead MoreGandalf as the Guide Archetype1222 Words   |  5 Pagesform; prototype. J.R.R Tolkiens The Hobbit is a story of growth that centers on Bilbo Baggins a Hobbit who is perfectly happy in his Hobbit hole eating, drinking and smoking. Everything in Bilbo’s life is as he likes it, until the day that Gandalf the Grey strolls into his life and although Bilbo doesnt know it Gandalf is his Guide. The Archetype of The Guide points the hero in the direction he is destined to go. Gandalf is the one who chooses Bilbo as the 14th and luckiest memberRead MoreAnalysis Of Bilbo s Hobbit 1712 Words   |  7 PagesAfter beginning his adventure, Bilbo faces one of his most difficult challenges in The Hobbit when Bilbo Baggins faces the Inmost cave stage he fights with Gollum in the cave. Holmes describes the Inmost Cave as â€Å"the abyss. This is the greatest challenge that faces the hero† (Holmes). This stage is literally in a dark cave, one that provides a morally challenging and terrifying experience for Bilbo. In the cave, he deals with the Gollum and finds the Ring, changing his character forever. Only onceRead MoreThe Hero Of The Hobbit1528 Words   |  7 Pageswith the hero being introduced in their ordinary world. This is where the reader learns about the hero’s background, flaws and strengths. This is so that the reader can establish a bond with the situation , which gives them experience of an adventure through the hero. In chapter 1 of The Hobbit, Tolkien introduces Bilbo Baggins as an ordinary hobbit who lives in an ordinary hobbit hole on the side of The Hill. In this chapter Tolkien hints towards Bilbo’s mother’s side, the Took-clan, who ‘somethingRead MoreThe Tolkien s The Hobbit930 Words   |  4 Pagesnovel The Hobbit is one of a kind. The novel revolves around the protagonist Bilbo Baggins and his journey not only of recovering the treasure from Smaug, but his journey becoming a hero. Through the main character Bilbo Baggins Tolkien changed my perspective on what a mythic hero is suppose to be. When the term â€Å"mythic hero† is brought up I visualize someone that is a stouthearted a warrior namely Achilles or Odysseus to be exact not a hobbit. A little friendly, good-natured, brilliant hobbit. To putRead MoreA Comparison Of The Hobbit And The Story Of Sigurd1400 Words   |  6 PagesAs the English poet Robert Graves said â€Å"One gets to the heart of the matter by a series of experiences in the same pattern, but in different colors. This quote is exemplified in the stories of The Hobbit and â€Å"The Story of Sigurd† when they have action and use the same hero’s journey pattern to create a great story. Both authors of the stories use strong and resilient characters in their stories to take down the monsters. In this case, there are two heroes taking down a greedy dragon. Based on theRead MoreThe Tolkien s The Hobbit1246 Words   |  5 PagesThe events associated with J.R.R Tolkien’s book The Hobbit resembles a hero’s quest journey, step by step until the final stage. Bilbo Baggins is the main character in this book and his life sonorously fits into in a typical hero quest journey. The three primary components of Bilbo’s quest are, the call to adventure, tests, allies and enemies, and the reward. In the book The Hobbit, Bilbo’s life is very plain and simple until he embarks on a marvelous journey with thirteen dwarfs and the wizard GandalfRead MoreAnalysis Of Bilbo Baggins s The Hobbit 1480 Words   |  6 PagesThe word â€Å"hero,† might conjure an image of somebody dressed in shining armour holding a sword and slaying the terrible dragon guarding a hoard of gold. In The Hobbit, there is indeed a heinous dragon guarding a hoard of treasure, and a hero who embarks on a journey to defeat the dragon and reclaim his stolen birthright. However, there is not just one hero, but two: Bilbo Baggins, a hobbit who plays the role of the non-traditional hero, and Thorin Oakenshield, a strong-minded dwarf who representsRead MoreThe Unexpected Epic Of Bilbo Baggins s The Odyssey 1297 Words   |  6 PagesEpic Hero Praised for his or her brave deeds and noble qualities, a hero has distinguished courage and ability. An epic hero is a unique type of hero who is often depicted in an epic poem. Homer initiated the concept of an epic hero in the person of Odysseus in the epic poem The Odyssey. Through his works and other author s works, the traits of an epic hero emerge. An epic hero embodies certain traits or characteristics; a strong love for their people, courage and being humble. The hero also

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay - 1527 Words

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a cyclical mental health condition which involves unending obsessions paired with unsatisfying compulsions performed to attempt to alleviate the emotional and physical suffering generated by the obsessions. There are approximately five main clusters of OCD; checkers, doubters and sinners, counters and arrangers, hoarders, and washers and cleaners. Accounting for about one quarter of OCD sufferers, the most abundant category is washers and cleaners and serves as the focus of this paper. OCD’s severity ranges from minor effects on a person’s life to completely debilitating. If your case is severe enough, it will affect your job, personal relationship, friendships, and normal functioning in a profoundly†¦show more content†¦Help is needed from wherever you can get it if you choose to take your life back. To truly defeat this disorder, prepare for mental and emotional battle. Patients with OCD are often put on medications such as benzodiazepines to help control the anxiety the obsessive thoughts cause. There is no medication available to stop the obsessive thoughts from happening, but there are medications that help to dull the effects. â€Å"Pharmacologic therapy usually includes clomipramine or antidepressant treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, but in dosage ranges higher than those typically used in the treatment of depression†. (Eddy) OCD, similar to depression, is thought to be caused by a lack of serotonin in the brain. With an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) the levels of serotonin in the brain synapses will remain higher, helping to reduce the symptoms of OCD. (Eddy) The patient then can hopefully learn to manage the anxiety, fear and other emotions caused by the involuntary thoughts, and to add other forms of help. Behavioural therapy is one of the most successful methods of dealing with OCD. â€Å"Patients are increasingly exposed to the stimuli they usually avoid (e.g., â€Å"contaminated† objects) while being prevented from performing any of their usual anxiety-reducing rituals†. (Eddy) People suffering with OCD appear to tend to live in a five second window, unable to see past the fears to realize there are no real dangers to them. To people unaffected byShow MoreRelatedEssay on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder1389 Words   |  6 PagesObsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder, commonly known as OCD, is a type of anxiety disorder and was one of the three original neuroses as defined by Freud. It is characterized by recurrent, persistent, unwanted, and unpleasant thoughts (obsessions) or repetitive, purposeful ritualistic behaviors that the person feels driven to perform (compulsions). (1) The prime feature that differentiates OCD from other obsessive or compulsive disorders is that the sufferer understandsRead MoreObsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay1025 Words   |  5 Pages Obsessive-compulsive disorder, also known as OCD causes people to suffer in silence and secrecy and can destroy relationships and the ability to work. It may bring on shame, ridicule, anger, and intolerance from friends and family. Although it has been reported in children, it strikes most often during adolescence or young adult years. The illness can affect people in any income bracket, of any race, gender, or ethnic group and in any occupation. If people recognize the symptoms and seek treatmentRead MoreObsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesObsessive-Compulsive Disorder, also known as OCD, is a psychiatric anxiety disorder that is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts along with repetitive behaviors. These unwanted thoughts are called obsessions and the repetitive behaviors are called compulsions. Repetitive behaviors such as hand washing, checking, counting, and cleaning are usually performed with the hope of making these obsessive thoughts go away or even preventing them. These repetitive behaviors are often referred to asRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay1232 Words   |  5 PagesObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear, or worry. The acts of those who have OCD may appear paranoid and potentially psychotic. However, OCD sufferers generally recognize their obsessions and compulsions as irrational and may become further distressed by this realization. Obsessive–compulsive disorder affects children and adolescents, as well as adults. Roughly one third to one half of adults withRead MoreEssay on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)875 Words   |  4 Pagessevere Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder that triggers people to have unwanted fixations and to repeat certain activities again and again. Everyone has habits or certain ways of doing something with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder these habits severely interrupt the way they live their lives (Familydoctor.org Editorial Staff). About one in 40 people suffer from some form of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (ABRAMOWITZ). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder oftenRead More Obsessive Compulsive Eating Disorder Essay595 Words   |  3 PagesObsessive Compulsive Disorder One kind of anxiety disorder is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This disease can ruin a persons life because it causes them to have repetitive thoughts and behaviors towards certain things. Life can become very difficult because this way of thinking and acting is very difficult to overcome, especially since the obsessions have no point and are stressful for the person. It begins to interfere with the persons school, work, and/or home. Obsessions are theRead MoreLiving With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay890 Words   |  4 Pagesact who have Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). People that have OCD find it hard to lead normal lives. They tend to suffer from recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and perform the same rituals (compulsions) that they feel that they cannot control. The rituals or compulsions they have can be anything from washing their hands over and over, to counting, or even cleaning. People who suffer from OCD can only ease their anxiety by performing these rituals. The obsessive or intrusiveRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay800 Words   |  4 Pages Obsessive Compulsive Disorder And Its Effect On Life Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or OCD, involves anxious thoughts or rituals one feels and cant control. . For many years, OCD was thought to be rare. The actual number of people with OCD was hidden, because people would hide their problem to avoid embarrassment. Some recent studies show that as many as 3 million Americans ages 18 to 54 may have OCD at any one time. This is about 2.3% of the people in this age group. It strikes men and women inRead MoreEssay about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder1388 Words   |  6 Pagescalled Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, or OCD. In the past, this man with OCD would have been considered extremely strange, but it is now known that OCD is somewhat common in today’s world. The conditions of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder can be very uncomfortable and unsettling, but there are some ways to treat OCD. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder that causes a sufferer to have very uncomfortable obsessions and compulsions. The main anxiety of a sufferer of OCD is obsessive thoughtsRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay2901 Words   |  12 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, or OCD, affects an average 1.7% of the population according to the Stanford University School of Medicine.  Ã‚  The recognition of this psychological disorder has grown in the recent years.  Ã‚  As the knowledge of this disorder becomes more prevalent, those suffering have become more willing to seek help (OCDA).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  OCD is a condition â€Å"in which people experience repetitive and upsetting thoughts and/or behaviors† (OCDA).  Ã‚  While there are many variation

The Fallacy of Love Songs - 653 Words

â€Å"You’re whole life waiting on a ring to prove you’re not alone† are the words that P!nk wails in her hit song, Glitter in the Air (Moore). It’s an accurate lyric depicting our culture’s near obsession with the search for true love. Our desire to bring it to fruition here and now, no matter what the cost. Most importantly, true love sells. Write the next big wedding song and you can count on royalties for years to come. Sing it and your voice becomes iconic. As long as it feels good, who cares if true love isn’t told in the truest fashion. â€Å"Unconditional, unconditionally, I will love you, unconditionally† is the chorus from Katy Perry’s latest song, Unconditional (Perry). Ideally, this song is meant to be an ode to finding that perfect someone who can accept and love us for who we really are, but real love can often tell a different story. Peterson and Thompson explain that â€Å"failure to understand the differences b etween ‘falling in love’ and ‘real love’ and how the transition from the former to the latter occurs have resulted in many broken and unhappy marriages† (Petersen 16). This idea of unconditional love seems ideal, but brings a darker side with it. In our current pop culture, Rihanna has demonstrated what could be called a form of unconditional love. After her partner, Chris Brown, physically abused her, a few years later, she walked back into a relationship with him. The decision of returning was made on the basis of love and emotions. Most people would look at thisShow MoreRelatedHomosexuality in Same Love by Macklemore with Ryan Lewis and Mary Lambert1006 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"My love, she keeps me warm.† Without context, these song lyrics have no impact or power behind them. However, if told that these words were sung by a female vocalist, and preceded by the lyrics â€Å"I can’t change, even if it tried, even if I wanted to,â⠂¬  suddenly the words have meaning as a woman sings of her love for another woman (Haggerty, Lewis, Lambert, 2102). These lyrics come from the 2012 song â€Å"Same Love† by Macklemore with Ryan Lewis and featuring Mary Lambert. In the song â€Å"Same Love,† MacklemoreRead MoreAnalysis Of Sam Smith s Lay Me Down984 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction to Argumentation (COMS-40) Song Analysis Sam Smith’s â€Å"Lay Me Down† is one of my favorite Sam Smith songs. His album is full of masterpieces, but I prefer this song. â€Å"Lay Me Down† does not only have an attractive melody but it also implies meaningful messages through its lyrics and music video. Smith delivers the song with such heart and experiences. This allows the audience to relate to the lyrics. This paper will analyze my perception of this song by covering three main points: ProvidingRead MoreBattle Hymn Of The Tiger Mother By Amy Chua1097 Words   |  5 PagesChinese parents do care about their children and that they would do anything for them the succeed. She gives another example about her daughter Lulu: she forced Lulu to play a song on the piano for hours and hours and Lulu hated her, but then she finally got it and didn t want to stop playing. She expresses that all parents love their children, they just parent in different ways. Response Amy Chua, author of the book â€Å"Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother†, wrote about the differences between Western andRead MoreChristina Rossettis : Song Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesChristina Rossetti’s ‘Song’: Death and grief. Love and tragic loss are key themes of the Pre-Raphaelite Art and Literature movement, and ‘Song’ combines the two beautifully in a way that neither glorifies nor portrays a detrimental idea of death and the outcomes it brings. Rossetti uses a variety of natural imagery to beautify the idea of life. She tells the reader to ‘plant no roses at my head’ where the symbol of the ‘rose’ embodies the theme of love, which was key in such a Romantic EraRead MoreIn This Generation, Many Popular Musicians Express The1125 Words   |  5 Pagesunrequited love in their songs. It is probably one of the most commonly conveyed subjects. Music artists such as Bruno Mars and his songs like â€Å"Grenade† is no exception to this popular trend. In the song â€Å"Grenade,† he reveals his persistent devotion for a girl. Lamentably, as a victim of unilateral love, he is inferior in the relationship. In the song, the girl seizes the dominant ability to manipulate Bruno Mars’ physical well-being and emotional negatively by being uninterested towards his love, andRead MoreDoes The Gender Pay Gap Actually Exist?1221 Words   |  5 Pagesthat ultimately determine whether the gender pay gap truly exists in the contemporary Western hemisphere. The scholarly field that correlates to this unit is economics and gender studies. ï  ¶ Song of the day: Benny - Little Game (Official Video) ï  ¶ Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNr3x1kVVEc ï  ¶ This song does a compelling job at illustrating the gender roles that have been programmed into society since the last few centuries. It validates that the idea of girls liking anything that is traditionallyRead MoreEssay about Literary Techniques in The Things They Carried1276 Words   |  6 Pagespoem, or subtle, such as juxtaposition, which can go unnoticed by the reader. In The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien uses many such techniques to provide more depth to his book. Four literary techniques used by Tim O’Brien are symbolism, pathetic fallacy, irony, and juxtaposition. One literary technique prominent in The Things They Carried, particularly in the story by the same name, is symbolism. Throughout this story, O’Brien mentions all the things that the soldiers carry with them, both physicalRead More Discuss Eliot’s treatment of the theme of the modern city in1116 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss Eliot’s treatment of the theme of the modern city in Preludes. Also refer to The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock if you wish. In both ‘Preludes’ and ‘The love song of J. Alfred Prufrock’, the modern city is one of the main themes. Eliot’s fascination with the modern city could stem from the fact that he was an American, and so when he moved to England in 1915, the modern city was a part of England of which he was in awe. Eliot was also influenced by the French poet, Charles BaudelaireRead MoreThe Film Much Ado About Nothing and Its Contribution to Understanding of the Play1813 Words   |  8 Pageswhich is known as pathetic fallacy. For example, during the first scene at the beginning of the film, where some of the main characters of the play are enjoying a picnic and listening to a poem about the inconsistency of men, read by Beatrice. Here the season resembles spring with plenty of sunshine portraying a light, joyful atmosphere which can be sensed by the audience. This very same sort of atmosphere is used in the scene where there is love, making it suitable forRead MoreMickey Mouse Monopoly Essay982 Words   |  4 Pagesevery human character in every movie, is white. And when there are other races brought into the film, many times they are mocked or have funny speech patterns or are represented in the wrong light, like the Magpies from â€Å"Dumbo†. The birds’ speech and song are clearly Black and are even referred to by some as the â€Å"Nigger Birds†, while Dumbo walks away earning sympathy from the audience and the birds, and those they remind people of, gain only hatred. 2. Explain how a media conglomerate like Disney

Multiple Personalities Essay Example For Students

Multiple Personalities Essay The variance in personalities can be as massive as an ocean or as microscopic asan atom. Most people think of personalities as distinctive. I have founddistinctive does not necessarily describe personalities. Renee is a friend ofmine who has a very wide variance in personality. Renee`s personality can changewithin a matter of minutes. She calls me daily with a seemingly innocentconversation. The conversation always starts with simple inquires about thegeneral health of family and friends. Suddenly, as if possessed by some demonicforce, she will insult other people that we both know. She says things that Ipersonally know to be untrue. When I try to point out what she is doing, sheturns her anger toward me. At any point during a telephone conversation, she canexhibit any one of three different personality aspects. Each of thesepersonality aspects demonstrates individual distinctions. One person can havemultiple personalities. In fact, my friend has three aspects of her personality. The three are the friend forever, the crybaby, and the rattlesnakepersonalities. The friend forever personality is the one with whichI am most familiar. When she displays this personality, she concerns herselfwith others, she is willing to help out, and she always has a dry shoulder toloan for crying. Renee so easily fits into this category. Most days, she is avery loving and caring individual. She concerns herself with the welfare ofothers. While in this personality, Renee goes out of her way to call Smith -2-and inquire about the health of others. She offers her help in any situation. She may not be physically able to change a flat tire for a person, but she willhold the light so the person can see how to change the tire for themself. Reneealways has a dry shoulder on which someone can cry without invitation. She willlisten to a friends problem for hours without complaint. Renee is the typeperson who will go to the ends of the Earth for a friend. However, this is onlyone of Renee`s personalities. Unfortunately, she has more than one from which tochoose. The crybaby personality is another of my friends multiple personalities. This personality is the one I find most confusing. When Renee is in her crybabymodality, she is unsatisfied and depressed, and she complains about everything. I have never seen my friend satisfied when she was being a crybaby. She can be afifty percent winner of the lottery, and she obsesses over the fact that she isnot the sole winner. Renee is a very depressed person. She often cries withoutrationale. When Renee is being a crybaby, she complains about everything inlife. Someone can offer her a job making millions of dollars per day, and shewill complain about the drive to work. My friend is not always a crybaby. Sometimes she is worse. The rattlesnake is the least desirable of Renee`spersonalities. She is a real demon with this personality. Renee routinelyinsults others, acts superior, and starts rumors. Renee insults other people forspite. She makes objectionable remarks about their appearance or disposition. She goes out of her way to tell a complete stranger their clothes don`t match. Renee acts superior towards others. She acts pompous toward a Smith -3- personwho has been her friend for years. While in public, she will snob an old friend. Renee starts rumors without remorse. She tells complete lies about otherindividuals just to see how much trouble she can cause. She calls the police andtells them someone has stolen her jewelry while the jewelry is still on herperson. Each personality has its own distinctions. If Renee has more than oneaspect to her personality, is it possible that we all have multiple aspects toour personalities? We should all take the time to think about our actions. .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 , .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .postImageUrl , .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 , .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75:hover , .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75:visited , .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75:active { border:0!important; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75:active , .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75 .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueeae1d4e49080be246892016301e4c75:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marx's Ideal Society EssaySomeone just may be watching. The someone who might be watching may be inside ofus.

History and Heritage

The Importance of the Past Human beings inhabit a very unpredictable world. The human environment is a product of the interaction between millions of forces. In order to chart their course through an unpredictable world, human individuals and societies need some sort of guide to determine what possible consequence they take face, upon taking a certain step. The study of the past is therefore important because it is an important factor in determining present and future conduct (Lowenthal, 1998).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on History and Heritage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another aspect of the past is its role in determining the self-image of a human individual or society. Societies cite the real or imagined beliefs and actions of their real or imagined ancestors as evidence that they are a brave, generous and just people, similarly stories about the history of rival societies are told to show them in a b ad light as compared to one’s own society (Lowenthal, 1998). History is also a tool used to establish the validity of the current beliefs or ideas held by an individual, society or section of a society and the invalidity of the ideas and beliefs held by their ideological enemies (Lowenthal, 1998). The Reason for Disagreement in the Views and Interpretations of the Past Because the past is used as a tool to determine the present and future course of a society, it’s self image and the validity of its beliefs. It becomes a device in the hands of people who wish to chart a particular course for their society, present a particular self-image of the society and establish the validity of certain beliefs (Lowenthal, 1998). An example of this can be seen in the Enola Gay exhibit controversy at the Smithsonian Institution. The historians at the Smithsonian were came up with what they thought was an objective position on the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The exhibit depicted the horrible destruction caused by the bombing however the establishment view that the bombing of two Japanese cities was necessary in order to force the Japanese government to surrender unconditionally, was presented in the exhibit (Bird Sherwin, 1995). Other historians objected to the exhibit on the grounds that it adopted an essentially nationalist position justifying American atrocities, tried to minimize the depiction of horrible destruction and the immense loss of civilian life caused by the bombing and suppressed other facts which would reflect badly on the United States (Bird Sherwin, 1995). However, according to politicians espousing a hyper nationalistic and militaristic agenda, the exhibit was an exercise in anti-Americanism. These politicians were outraged that the museum would exhibit something that would show even the slightest criticism of the United States or the military forces of the United States. Such an exhibit might convince the population to oppose their po litical agenda (Trescott, 1995).Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The exhibit was also opposed by World War II veterans. They believed firmly that their side in the World War II had been purely good while their enemies were purely evil. They believed that any action undertaken by their side against the enemy was justified. The veterans also belonged to a generation in which it was not considered offensive to assert that the lives of American soldiers were worth more than those of Japanese civilians (Ringle, 1994). Suggestions that the United States may not have been purely a force of good and may have performed actions comparable to the barbarities committed by the German and Japanese enemies caused an explosive emotional reaction in the veterans. In contrast to the veterans and the nationalistic politicians, the historians belonged to an era in which intellectuals adopted distaste for American militarism following defeat in the Vietnam War. They also possessed a wider view of the world and enough knowledge of history to know that patriotism and nationalism are often rhetorical devices used disingenuously by rulers whose actions are often motivated purely by self-interest. Instead of believing, as the politicians and the veterans did, that the United States was a purely benevolent power, they recognized that the United States has often caused immense destruction in other countries (Ringle, 1994). The controversy over the Kennewick Man was another example of an historical issue which caused passionate disagreement between ideologically opposed partisans. To the leader of the Umatillas tribe, the Kennewick Man was evidence that their tribe had always lived in the Washington area and that the scientific belief that they had crossed over to the Americas from Northern Asia was not true (Geranion, 1997). The Difference between ‘Heritage History’ and Objecti ve Studies of the Past In the past, history was primarily written for the purpose of inducing internal solidarity and enhancing the well being of a particular nation. The writing of histories was part of the nation-building efforts of states. Histories were a selection of facts and myths designed to give a positive image to a particular nation and to vilify its enemies. The history books written in earlier centuries were often commissioned by kings and emperors for the expressed purpose of glorifying their ancestors and providing ideological support for their rule. The purpose of history was to encourage an existing population and to secure its future. History was a socially constructed narrative that Lowenthal terms ‘Heritage History’ (Lowenthal, 1998). Gradually historians have tried to increase the objectivity of history and to distinguish it from ‘heritage history’. History and heritage differ in their purposes. The purpose of history is to explore and explain the past, recognizing its complexities and unknown aspects (Lowenthal, 1998).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on History and Heritage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The purpose of heritage on the other hand, is to simplify the past and to come up with an interpretation of the past that may be useful in the achievement of present purposes. According to Lowenthal, the public is only interested in heritage, if narrative espoused by ‘heritage history’ departs from the facts known through objective history; it only bothers some intellectuals (Lowenthal, 1998). History and heritage also differ in the methodology employed to come up with a narrative. History depends on the use of the scientific method and the use of objective criteria to judge historical sources. Objective methodologies employed by historians in order to judge sources may include textual criticism, fingerprint matching, DNA testing , and carbon dating etc. Heritage pre-selects those historical sources which can be used to establish a particular narrative, regardless of their authenticity, and dismisses all other sources. Source criticism and other objective methodologies may be employed in the composition of heritage history, but only for the purpose of abandoning inconvenient sources (Lowenthal, 1998). According to Lowenthal, heritage and history are separate but linked phenomenon. Historians attempt to be impartial however it may be impossible for a historical researcher to be utterly unbiased. Therefore, it is possible that historians may come up with a narrative that includes elements of heritage, despite having an intention to come up with an authentic and impartial history. References Bird, K., Sherwin, M. (1995, July 31). Enola Gay Exhibit: The Historians’ Letter To The Smithsonian. Retrieved from doug-long.com: http://www.doug-long.com/letter.htm Geranion, N. (1997, September 21). The Kennewick Man crisis Archeologists and Indians clash over a 9,300-year-old skull that could rewrite New World history. The Toronto Star . Lowenthal, D. (1998). The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ringle, K. (1994, September 26). At Ground Zero; 2 Views of History Collide Over Smithsonian A-Bomb Exhibit. The Washington Post , p. a.01. Trescott, J. (1995, May 19). Senator Warns Smithsonian on Controversies. The Washington Post , p. D.06. This report on History and Heritage was written and submitted by user Jayce Finley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Why Marijuana Should be Legalized

Why Marijuana Should be Legalized Free Online Research Papers Marijuana should be legal; it is as simple as that. Almost the entire population smokes or has smoked this drug, and people will get it no matter what the cost so why not make it legal. There are a lot or reasons why Marijuana should be legalized, and here the most important ones. First, there would be a lower drug rate, and less drug dealers on the streets. Secondly, the government will get more money from taxing the drug, and thirdly it will help people whom use it for medical reasons need obtain it more efficiently. Marijuana should be legalized because it would lower the drug rate and help keep drug dealers off the streets. If we made Marijuana legal there would be less drug dealers in the United States because less people will be arrested for crimes like this. There would still be drug dealers and illegal drugs but that is just one thing that will always be around. We cannot make ever drug legal-only the important ones. In the past 20 years, I believe that the drug rate has risen substantially, all because of Marijuana. I also believe that if marijuana becomes legal that the drug rate will decrease by at least half, maybe more; but this is just my hypothesis. Another reason why I think Marijuana should be legalized is money issues. The government loses billions and billions of dollars buy people buying illegal drugs on the streets. Now, if we legalize those drugs and tax them, the government will get what they want and so will the people who want the drug. This is a win-win situation for everyone. Even though people who are being taxed for it will not be that happy, they get what they want. They will be buying marijuana in the tobacco stores just as if they would buy camel menthols. The last and most important reason why Marijuana should be legalized is for medical reasons. People with terminal illnesses or any illness are usually prescribed some sort of Marijuana for help. I am not saying that it is prescribed for the common cold like Tylenol. It is more for like Cancer patients of people with brain tumors. When they are prescribed this however, it is hard to obtain it because it is illegal and all. However, if the government legalizes the marijuana then the patients can get it more efficiently. This is not a cure for cancer or tumors, but it helps ease the pain that comes along with the illness. People say that Marijuana should stay illegal for many reasons. They say more people will get addicted to it, or if we legalize this drug then we should legalize all drugs; but that is not the case. It does not matter what drugs we legalize or keep illegal people are going to try getting it. So why not make it easier for them. Personally, I think that it is safer to give people legalize drugs than having them find drug dealers and causing a whole bunch of mess with drug busts and such. There is no scientific proof that marijuana kills brain cells are has any negative affects. In my opinion, it actually helps. I am not saying that I have personally done drugs but I have friends that have and they said that it helps them with test, studying, and stress. It is like a cigarette. The drugs that we legalize are not just any drugs. They are drugs that actually have proof to helping people. The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) would not go around legalizing ecstasy or heroin because they have no proven positive side effects. I think we are a little bit smarter than that. If not, then all the potheads should just move to Columbia and become addicted to Cocaine. Probably, there is a process goes along with legalizing a drug. We would have to weigh the options on why or why not to legalize a drug and go through all of the side effects. Overall, Legalizing Marijuana is more effective than keeping it illegal. I hope that you agree, too. Research Papers on Why Marijuana Should be LegalizedThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Hip-Hop is ArtCapital PunishmentMind TravelPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and Canada

Health record structures in computer-driven formats Essay

Health record structures in computer-driven formats - Essay Example In addition, this structure enables me to perceive of the likely effect of reorganizing health records and any associated medical narrative. Many healthcare institutes, particularly public ones, cannot meet the expense of lowering open medical language to mere postscripts in the strategy of EHRs. EHRs with computer-driven formats is an essential movement towards information system structure that employ natural language dispensation as a major innovation for translating it from unorganized to organized representations (Davis and LaCour, 2014). Health record structures in computer-driven formats are applicable in my work area, systems science, in terms of standardization, organization, and easy control. For electronic health records to exhaust all their potentials and purposes, this data has to be made uniform, structured, and simple to control. This data often includes patients’ symptoms, diseases, allergies, clinical histories, family backdrops, and even billing information (Davis and LaCour, 2014). If this type of data is unstructured and unstandardized, treating these patients with utmost efficiency and economy becomes difficult. Additionally, my work area facilitates paperless offices, a factor that computers today are greatly attributing to. Computer-driven formats will enable me to save time while at work while sharing confidential data regarding a given patient at any given time. Computer-driven formats process workflow in my field at a high rate in contrast to manual, paper formats. The benefits of health record structures in computer-driven formats are more efficiency, lower medication and nursing errors, structured data, and effective medical decision-making processes (Davis and LaCour, 2014). There is a significant drive in the course of doing away with conventional medical transcript and converting the clinical documentation

How to Merge Two Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

How to Merge Two Companies - Essay Example If the merger does not result in increasing the value of the new company, then there is no presence of synergy and the merger will be ineffective. A strategic merger can reduce the tax burden by benefiting the statutes and loopholes in the law. As there is cash outflow in the merger, the taxable amount of profit will come down. Another chance of tax saving is that if a company running in losses merges with a profit-making company, there will be set off of losses and ultimately it will result in tax saving for the profit-making company. Diversification helps in improving the operations of the organization. Sometimes the company may be interested in diversifying its operation to be more profitable and competitive in a highly competitive marketplace. Some mergers happen only out of the sole discretion of the managers. In most of the cases, the merger can result in increasing the value of the new company. That may result in increasing the salary of higher-level managers. If they think that they will be monetarily or non-monetarily benefited if the merger happens then they will implement the merger. If the company a and company b is going to merge into company c then the value of company A and company B if they are taken separately is known as break-up value. If the break-up value is more than market value the merger or acquisition will have a better result. Horizontal Merger: If the two companies doing the same business or deal with similar or complementary products, merge to form a new company, then the merger is called horizontal merger. A soft drink company may merge with a sugar manufacturer for increasing synergy.

Credit Card Fraud Detection through Data Mining

Credit Card Fraud Detection through Data Mining Abstract With the increasing fraudsters day to day, the fallacious transaction is rapidly growing thus making the frauds in this scenario a matter of high importance. Huge database patterns are identified by various data mining models assisting to strengthen and detect the credit card fraud. This research primarily focusses on Credit Card Fraud Detection analyzing two different methods used to detect fraudulent systems and implement the new technologies to the system to minimize frauds in credit card transactions Keywords- Data Mining, Methods, Credit Card, Fraud Detection, Hybrid Technology, Neural Network, Support Vector System Data Mining is filled with application growth opportunities and research which are reliable and usable from the data. Rapid development of e-commerce, usage of credit card has become well known mode for online and regular transactions, increasing the credit card fraud simultaneously. Fraud detection is a complicated problem as unwanted transactions are hidden in the authoriosed transaction. Due to security reasons and also to gain trust of users credit card fraud detection has now become important to companies. Neural Networks [1], Bayesian Network [2], Hidden NaÃÆ' ¯ve Bayes Network [12], Dempster Shafer [10] are few methods to be justified in detecting the credit card fraudulent system. With the new technologies, it has now become easy for the companies and banks to detect the fraudulent system. With the growing credit card fraud problem in the industry this literature review will help us to understand and detect the techniques involved in detecting the fraudulent system. We will be describing two different approaches Neural Network and Support vector machine approach thus learning a new method to minimize the fraudulent system. This paper helps us to analyze data mining methods with respect to credit card fraud system. A. Neural Network Approach Neural network fraud detection method is primarily based on working of a human brain. Just as the human brain is capable of learning things from the previous experiences and uses the knowledge to decide things occurring in day to day problems the same strategy is used while detecting a credit card fraud with Neural Network system. Neural Network can reflect a small part of complexity and regulation Banks use this kind of network method to detect the credit card fraud. The moment a transaction takes place there are a set of attributes attached to it characterizing the account holder, the amount and the merchant. Considering an example, for the Mellow Bank Fraud Detection Feasibility Study a particular archived amount of data was used for model development as the authorized data wasnt easily available due to security reasons. P-RCE [3] neural network technique is used. P-RCE is used for pattern recognition as it helps to describe what exactly the human brain is thinking about. P-RCE has a single cell layer which outputs a numeric response called as Fraud score. The lower the threshold the more no. of credit card fraud is detected. Higher the credit card detection threshold less no. of fraud is detected. With 2000000 transactions of Mellon Banks data from Oct-Nov 1991, nearly measuring 50 accounts per day 40% of the fraudulent transaction was observed but prior to use of P-RCE method in Mellon Banks feasibility study the result came out to be 1 fraudulent transaction per week on reviewing 750 account per day. The improvement in the fraud detection performance was undeniably considerable. The p attern recognition method can actually help the banks to reduce 20-40% (in total) credit card fraud losses. B. Support Virtual Machine Approach An online transaction has four entities: credit card holder, credit card, the seller and the buyer. There is an independent history of transactions with each set of entities in the data set. Each entity keeps almost a consistent behavior pattern in authorized transactions. The risk of a transaction can be estimated by calculating the inconsistency of a transaction from the history of authorized transactions. Let us define Xe(t) {a1, a2, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, an) as the transactional set in the entitys history is equivalent to f(t) beingF(t) {seller, buyer, holder, card) set of entities. We calculate the score of transactions, by defining l = (l1 , l19) [3] with c as value of a feature, as SC(l,e,t) = count(c,Xe(t)) The idea to calculate how near a transaction is related to past authorized transactions therefore we consider only those transactions that are proved legitimate from Xe(t). To train and test a classifier (weight and score) we have a vector in conjunction with the classification: SVM (Support Vector Machines). They are essentially supervised learning models used for analyzing data and recognition of patterns. Using the traditional methods, raw data was classified with SVM to check the impact of general weight in the outcomes and reduce SVM complexity as well. SVM classifier was used in classifying the transactions as fraud or authorized resulting in 40-50% in most months with false alarm rate 10-12%. The online credit card fraud system can be detected and improvised with the Big Data Technologies framework. The main aim is to achieve the goal of fusing various detection methods to enhance the accuracy. A workflow was proposed [13] containing common designs of fraudulent system thus making it easier to integrate identification of fraud system. In recent years, big data platforms were released to process and operate data including MapReduce and Apache Hadoop frameworks (open source for MapReduce). Two components are primarily considered: spouts and bolts. The source of streams is referred to as spout which reads and sends tuples from external source into topology. The data processing is done by Bolt. With the reference, the paper proposes a hybrid structure with Big data efficient in solving challenges related to performance and integration. The basic workflow is defined [13] in the figure. QF- Quick filter, DSA Demper Shafer Adder (combining different fraud scores and generating a merged result), EF- Explicit filter. This workflow is designed by combining different algorithms together for a higher accuracy like two DSAs are combined so that we can aggregate their fraud score to get better accuracy; 2) Another aspect can be considered by combining supervised unsupervised fraud approaches to examine a good cover of types of fraud; 3) The filters used: QF detects only the behavior of card holder whereas EF detects the historical data in the whole model. So, to achieve faster filter we can combine QF and EF as well as to get better efficiency the combination is good to go. In this paper, we have reviewed two data mining detection methods of credit card fraud. The research papers which arent considered here might have comprehensive methods to research and implementations of new detection techniques. This research paper describes: The Neural Network can be implemented in banks to reduce the credit card fraudulent system with it P-RCE algorithm. 2) Support Vector machine can detect the frauds in ecommerce system real time but isnt much reliable for complex frauds. 3) Hybrid technology framework, the workflow is essential to detect frauds in offline system as the method but can improve accuracy, performance and efficiency. To develop a credit card fraud system, the neural network method is best suited according to my understanding as it is efficient, accurate and cost effective thus implemented in Mellon Bank. Neural Network method has some failures as well but gradually with new technology it can overcome. But to develop a strong fraud detection system using credit card we need to combine few more complex detecting methods. References [1] S. Ghosh and D. L. Reilly, Credit card fraud detection with a neural network, in System Sciences, 1994. Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Hawaii International Conference on, vol. 3, Jan 1994, pp. 621-630. [2] G. F. Cooper and E. Herskovits. A Bayesian Method for the Induction of Probabilistic Networks from Data. Machine Learning, 9(4):309-347, 1992. Santiago, Gabriel Preti, Adriano Pereira, and Roberto Hirata Jr. A modeling approach for credit card fraud detection in electronic payment services. In Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, pp. 2328-2331. ACM, 2015. Online Credit Card Fraud Detection: A Hybrid Framework with Big Data Technologies You Daià ¢Ã‹â€ -, Jin Yanà ¢Ã‹â€ -, Xiaoxin Tangà ¢Ã‹â€ -, Han Zhaoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   and Minyi Guoà ¢Ã‹â€ - à ¢Ã‹â€ -Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  School of Computer Science Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China Philip K. Chan, Wei Fan, Andreas 1. Prodromidir, and Salvotore 1. Stalfo, Distributed Data Mining in Credit Card Fraud Detection 2016 IEEE TrustCom/BigDataSE/ISPA H. Michael Chung Fredric C. Gey Data Mining, Knowledge Discovery, and Information Retrieval, Proceedings of the 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2001 Agrawal, Ayushi, Shiv Kumar, and Amit Kumar Mishra. Implementation of Novel Approach for Credit Card Fraud Detection. In Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), 2015 2nd International Conference on, pp. 1-4. IEEE, 2015. [2008] Abhinav Srivastava, Amlan Kundu, Shamik Sural and Arun K. Majumdar, CreditCard Fraud Detection Using Hidden Markov Model IEEE, Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, Vol. 5, No 1., January-March D. L. Reilly and L. N. Cooper, An overview ofneural networks: early models to real worldsystems, in An Introduction to Neural and Electronic Networks, ed. S. F. Zometzer, J. L. Davis and C. Lau, 227-248, Academic Press, (1990). S. Panigrahi, A. Kundu, S. Sural, and A. Majumdar, Credit card fraud detection: A fusion approach using dempstershafer theory and Bayesian learning, Information Fusion, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 354 363, 2009. Z. D. Zhao and M. s. Shang, User-based collaborative-filtering recommendation algorithms on hadoop, in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 2010. WKDD 10. Third International Conference on, Jan 2010,pp. 478-481. [12] Jiang, Liangxiao, Harry Zhang, and Zhihua Cai. A novel Bayes model: Hidden naive Bayes. IEEE Transactions on knowledge and data engineering 21, no. 10 (2009): 1361-1371. [13] Dai, You, Jin Yan, Xiaoxin Tang, Han Zhao, and Minyi Guo. Online Credit Card Fraud Detection: A Hybrid Framework with Big Data Technologies. In Trustcom/BigDataSE/Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ SPA, 2016 IEEE, pp. 1644-1651.IEEE, 2016.

Oskar Schindler: A Hero Study Essay -- essays research papers

CONFLICT AND RELEVANT BACKGROUND Oskar Schindler faced many conflicts in his life. The main conflict he faced was overcoming the Nazis and saving over one thousand Jewish People. Schindler, with out a job at the time, joined the Nazi Party and followed on the heels of the SS when the Germans invaded Poland. This is when Schindler took over two previously Jewish owned companies that dealt with the manufacture and sales of enamel kitchenware products and opened up his own enamel shop right outside of Krakow near the Jewish ghetto. There, he employed mostly Jewish workers, which saved them from being deported to labor camps. Though twice the Gestapo arrested him, he got released because of his many connections and with many bribes. Most importantly, he helped save an entire race of human beings. CHRONICLER AND MEDIA We know of Oskar Schindler through many different types of the media. We know of him through the television, newspapers, books, and by word of mouth through the Jewish people he had saved. There was even a movie based on Oskar Schindler called Schindler’s List. There are several books about him, many were even written by some of the Jews he saved themselves. EPIC HERO ELEMENTS IN THE LIFE OF OSCAR SCHINDLER Oskar Schindler was born on April 28, 1908 in Zwitlau, which is now part of the present day Czech Republic, to his father and mother, Hans and Louisa Schindler. They were a deeply religious family, which resulted in a strong catholic household for Oskar and his younger sister Elfriede. The Schindler family was one of the richest and most prominent in Zwitlau and elsewhere. Mostly due to the success of their family owned machinery business. Oskar Schindler wasn’t necessarily born of noble birth. He was basically an ordinary guy, especially when his father lost his business, who did extraordinary deeds for people who he has never even met. One can also see how Schindler was a hero in is character traits. Schindler was always thoughtful and humane in dealing with Jews. He saved the most Jewish people during World War II. The society at that point of time was going downhill and almost came to a big crash. Hitler could have destroyed a whole race of people if it wasn’t for the help of Oskar Schindler. Although he did join the Nazi’s, Schindler still had a heart and a mind to know what Adolf Hitler was doing was wrong and immoral and to try and he... ...ers. Further more, there is a universal theme, such as good and evil. The good would definitely be Oskar Schindler who helped the Jewish people and didn’t need, nor want any type of reward for it. The evil side would be Adolf Hitler who was trying to kill an entire race just because of their religion, believing that they were the evil ones. He only thought this way because he was ignorant of the Jewish religion, and other types of people, and therefore feared them, which caused him to hate and want to kill them all. At the end though, as it is most commonly believed to be the evil should die and the good should live. Though most of the Jews died, a few thousand still lived while the evil side, Adolf Hitler, died by committing suicide. DEATH OF OSKAR SCHINDLER Oskar Schindler died in October 1974, and is buried in the Latin cemetery on Mount Zion, Jerusalem. Over one thousand Jews owe their lives to this singular man. On his grave, there lie many stones, each from many Jews who he saved and many other Jews who think of him as hero. I do not know he died how he died exactly but it is basically from natural causes. Schindler is still adored as a hero from many of the Jewish people.

Demise of the Weimar Republic

The demise of the Weimar Republic did not occur due to one sole reason, but because of a number of short and long term factors. The economic, political and international pressure placed on the people of Germany ensured the loathing of the forced governmental rule. The immediate impact of the Great Depression of 1929, which has been debated and considered by most historians to be the dominant factor in the downfall of the ‘democratic experiment’ which subsequently led to continuous political instability ultimately saw the collapse of the first democratic government of Germany.Some historians generally blame the fall of the Republic on president von Hindenburg’s abuse of constitutional powers. Historian David Martin states that the â€Å"survival of democracy depended on his (Hindenburg’s) integrity and decisions. Unfortunately, his actions made a major contribution to its destruction†. More deadlocks within the Reichstag and civil unrest gave Hindenbu rg no choice but to give the people what they wanted, which was a strong leader in Adolf Hitler. The Weimar republic was not welcomed by Germany after her defeat in world war one in 1919.Germany had never had a democracy before and felt that the Allies had forced this treaty upon them. Even Prince Max of Beden did not want a democracy for Germany. Because this new government had signed the treaty they were now known as the ‘November Criminals’ and were loathed by everyone. According to Henig, ‘It was the acknowledgement of defeat.. which they found so hard to accept. ’ The historian Friedrich Meinecke observed that, for true Germans, loyalty to the ‘Fatherland required disloyalty to the republic’.In a sense the Weimar Republic was a â€Å"democracy without democrats† Treaty of Versailles The military defeat of Germany in November 1918 came as a genuine shock to most Germans, who had believed that Germany would be victorious in the war. W hen seeking armistice in the same month, Germans expected the peace settlement to be based on President Wilson’s 14 points and although they also did not expect a soft treaty, it was greater then imagined. The Treaty was a complete humiliation for Germany and was a dent to national pride.It had to be accepted however as the allies threatened To resume war again and still maintained a naval blockade so consequently on the 28th of June, 1919, the Treaty was signed. As a result of the Treaty, Germany lost all of its colonies including Alsace and Lorraine. The army was reduced to 100,000 men, with further restrictions placed on naval and air force. 33 million dollars of reparations had to be paid and these economic provisions of the treaty effectively weakened Germany’s capacity to pay by 1924.The Weimar Republic and the democracy were weakened because both were always associated with the Treaty of Versailles. This was a constant theme used by those who opposed the republi c and the democratic system. Because this new government had signed the treaty they were now known as the ‘November Criminals’ and were loathed by everyone. According to Henig, ‘It was the acknowledgement of defeat.. which they found so hard to accept. ’ Period of Hyperinflation Hyperinflation gave the people of Germany another reason to find fault in the democratic Weimar Government.Louis Snyder wrote that it was â€Å"these people who later turned to Adolf Hitler as the messiah to lead them out of financial chaos†. Immediately after the war, Germany had little capacity for economic recovery as key industrial resources had been lost in the Treaty and had little export trade and consequently unable to attract any major foreign investment loans. To get more finance, the German government’s response was to print more money so the value of German currency continued to fall. Before the US dollar has been 4. 2 marks, by 1920 it was worth 64. marks thus German taxation increased. Anyone with access to even a few pounds became a trillionaires over night. The losers of the hyperinflation were those with a fixed income, the working class, people living off their savings and wage earners. By June 1923, the government had lost control of the economy, as strikes swepped the country as workers protested about the rising unemployment and the failure of their wages to keep up with the cost of living. In August, the govenment finally fell, with President Ebert called or the leader of the German people party, Streseman, to form a new party. He formed the ‘great coalition’ which brought together left and right wing. In the next six years, German society picked up with the induction into the League of Nations, the Dawes plan of 1924 which provided foreign loans to Germany and the Young Plan which saw the reduction in Germany’s reparation figure by 95 million. The downside of Germany’s new economic prosperity mean t that society was living off borrowed money and was over-dependant on foreign loans and investment.The economic power was concentrated in the hands of influential industrialists and bankers and employment was still on the rise. Within these six years, the Weimar republic surprisingly enjoyed a period of relative political stability. President Ebert’s sudden death in 1925 followed President Hindenburg into the role. He’s election reconciled many in the army to support the republic goldern years– that â€Å"this was merely nothing more than depictive stability† d. packart. The Depression Historian W.M Simon wrote, â€Å"The depression had created a situation in which parliamentary government broke down, opening the way to presidential government by decree†¦The more openly the political parties became parliamentary pressure groups, the more the parliamentary process (and the democratic process) as a whole fell into discredit†. The great depressi on of 1929 occurred very suddenly and ended the period of relative affluence for Germany. The depression was the result of substantial amounts of investment from overseas and the high interest rates of 1928 which consequently left the economy with a reduction in economic activity and employment.Consequently social spending reduced and people were left without food and shelter which created overall bitterness. In response the government chose to follow a policy of deflation in which they cut expenditure and attempted to balance the budget. Throughout this extremely stressful time, the fear of communism had increased enormously. Membership of the Communist Party grew enormously and most feared that if a revolution occurred, German people would have their private property confiscated.Therefore, most were heartened by the strongly anti communist position taken by Hitler and his Nazi Party. â€Å"dependent on the American economy, made Germany vulnerable to the instabilities of the worl d markets† W. link 1970. Rise of the Extremists and Hitler/National Socialists – Failure of the German Democracy 1930-33 By 1930 Mullers government had failed to deal with the Depression. Bruning was appointed chancellor and in July his budget passed the Reichstag using article 48. At the same time the Nazi’s attacked the republic, critizing its weak parliamentary system.They promised to revitalize Germany with determination and conviction, offering hope to the middle class, small business operators and rural/farming population â€Å"The Depression put the wind into Hitler’s sails† (Taylor). In September 1930, the Reichstag Elections saw the Nazi’s win 107 seats in the Reichstag in which they previously held 12. the Reichstag became virtually unworkable as the Nazi’s, communists and Nationalist all opposed Bruning. Another critiscm of the Weimar constitution was Article 48 where in an emergency the president could override any laws, th e opinions of the Reichstag and the people.He could also have total control of the army to ‘restore order’. With the army on his side and the republic disregarded, the President would have total control. Evidently from the above paragraphs one can conclude that the Weimar Republic did not collapse due to one reason but was a process consisting of a number of long and short term events. The Republic was flawed and weak from its beginning in 1919 and it was a miracle that it survived until 1933 in a country that opposed the Republic as a whole.

Providing the World with Drinking Water in the 21st...

Each day, over 5,000 children die from diarrhea-related diseases developed from unsafe drinking water. Approximately one billion people do not have access to clean drinking water; one billion people about equates to one out of every six individuals. The deaths resulting from unsafe drinking water are greater than the number of deaths caused by war. We all must work together to find new sources of freshwater so that everyone in the world will have adequate supplies of safe drinking water. This essay will outline current and future technologies that will be available to resolve this problem in the coming years. Water covers nearly three quarters of the Earth, yet people still die everyday from the lack of fresh water. How is†¦show more content†¦Modern desalination projects use a method called â€Å"reverse osmosis,† which separates the salt from ocean water by pushing the water through a membrane at high pressures. The idea of desalination is not a new one; today, over 12,000 desalination plants operate around the globe . However, while the idea seems sound, the actual implementation of the process costs extraordinary amounts of money due to the large amounts of energy needed to run the process. Many of the 12,000 desalination plants that are in operation are located in coastal regions of high affluence. Yet, the areas in dire need of freshwater include the Middle East and northern Africa, which areas of limited water access and financial support. If the costs of energy use in the desalination process cannot be lowered it will not be able to solve the fresh water prob lem. Countries such as the United States, China, and India have employed large-scale operations to divert water from regions with an abundance of fresh water to regions lacking in fresh water supplies. These programs have been successful, yet the success is defined only in the short-term. These projects simply cannot meet the large demands of fresh water needed in these regions. Not only do these projects fail to meet the demands, ecological and political problems arise from the actual implementation of these programs. Large tracts of piping are needed to transport the water fromShow MoreRelatedEssay On Provide Provided Water1377 Words   |  6 PagesProvide usable water all around the world Typically, water is an essential element that has kept us alive throughout centuries and has been around since our existence. It’s become a prioritized need humans strive for to survive on the daily. A cycle in which we need to be aware of not only because of its significant value, but also because of the situation its causing to people around the world. Our world is made up of 71 percent of water, but only 3 percent is considered natural fresh water. This makesRead MoreClean Water And Clean Drinking Water898 Words   |  4 PagesWater is an essential element in our daily lives, but for North Americans, water service is a convenience that we too often take for granted until a serious issue occurs,† (Waterworld, 2014). There is more than 1 billion people who lack adequate access to clean drinking water and at least estimated there are over 400 million that are children. Because unclean water yields illness, roughly 443 million school days are missed every year. (Goodnet , 07 Oct, 2014). Providing clean water to the billonsRead MoreGlobal Climate Change On Natural Disasters And Agricultural Production1308 Words   |  6 PagesHuman well-being is fundamentally dependent on ecosystems for the provisioning, cultural and regulating services that they provide (World Bank, 2007). Clean water is one of the critical resources provided to man by ecosystems. As such, the ecosystem concept has been elevated as a fundamental attribute for human development. Maintenance and access to ecosystem services has consistently been associated with better health and economic outcomes. Human health risks originate from traditional forms ofRead MoreLiterature Review On Drinking Fountains1734 Words   |  7 Pages REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Immersive research on drinking fountains especially in our 21st century society with diverse cultural behavior created different studies conducting different behavioral and health related impacts on drinking fountains. Nowadays, drinking fountains occupy different places such as institutions, public places, and more importantly it is mostly used in schools. Students are engaged in the use of drinking fountains on their schools and connected with this are theRead MoreSustainable Development And Environmental Protection1577 Words   |  7 Pagesof development, 2. the cleanness of water, 3. the green trade, 4. the exploitation of energy, 5. the protection of environment. Specifically, the support of development is that developed countries enlarge the economic assistance to the developing countries. The proportion of the assistance should reach 0.7% of GDP. 2. the cleanness of water means that economizing the water for half of the population who are short of water to providing the clean drinking water until 2025. 3. the green trade refersRead MoreMunicipal Drinking Water : The Natural Resources Defense Council ( Nrdc )1692 Words   |  7 PagesMunicipal Drinking Water in the U.S In the United States we often take our tap water for granted and we seriously shouldn’t. In 2001 a study called What’s on Tap? was released by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) , a carefully researched, well-documented, and peer-reviewed study of 19 U.S cities. Alarming results found that pollution and deteriorating out-of-date plumbing are sometimes delivering unsafe drinking water to the population. Many U.S cities depend on water delivery systemsRead MoreHuman Overpopulation Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pagesoverpopulation throughout the world is one of the biggest global issues addressed in the 21st century. This concept negatively affects almost every aspect of society: extinction of plants/animals or habitats, over use of natural resources, climate change, and other environmental problems (â€Å"As World’s Human†). This continual predicament needs to be corrected by intensified human productive abilities and a global law that will stimulate positive outcomes across the world. The problem that heightensRead MoreWater Quality And Quantity Of Water1661 Words   |  7 Pagesunsustainable development are far and wide, the focus of this paper will be in the water sector. From the extraction of water to the consumption of water, and everything in between – water quality and quantity are being compromised in order to achieve financial goals and success. Conservation goals and practices are in the wrong priority order. Most of the rapid urban development is occurring in the coastal regions of the world. Water quality and quantity are becoming a growing concern in these areas. TheRead MoreThe Global Issue Of Population Growth979 Words   |  4 Pagessupport us. There are many solutions to this problem, but the common factor is controlling the human race. What can we do as a society to help contribute to controlling the population growth? â€Å"The United States is the most overpopulated country in the world† (Ehrlich). Let’s first discuss what is considered to be overpopulated? Overpopulation is â€Å"The condition of having a population so dense as to cause environmental deterioration, an impaired quality of life, or a population crash† (Merriam-Webster DictionaryRead MoreLondon, Being The Densest Settlement On The Planet With 2.5 Million People Into 30 Square Miles1586 Words   |  7 Pagessettlement on the planet with 2.5 million people into 30 square miles, was emerging as the most populated urban metropolitan in the mid 19th century. Although, London started enjoying the fruits, it was not prepared to face the challenges of the urbanization. It was lacking the infrastructure necessary to support dense civilization like the garbage disposal, clean water supply, sewers, public health care etc. In the absence of an efficient sewage system, people were dumping their human waste into the cesspools